<?php
/**
* class Tokenizer
* This class not only can split a string into smaller pieces called tokens,
* but it can be used to parse a string on the fly.
*/
class Tokenizer {
/**
* This flag indicates that we want to retrieve the position of the matches.
* This flag affects only to the 'match' function.
*/
const OFFSET_CAPTURE = 0x1;
/**
* This flag indicates that we want to distinguish between uppercase and lowercase characters.
*/
const CASE_SENSITIVE = 0x4;
/*
* This regular pattern describes a "token".
* A token is one or more "word" characters or a single "non-word" character. For example:
*
* hello_there125 -- this is a token because it is a sequence of "word" characters
* % -- this is a token because it is a single "non-word" chatacter.
* %! -- this is NOT a token
*/
const TOKEN = "\w+|.";
/**
* This regular pattern describes a floating point number.
*/
const NUMBER = '[+-]?(0|[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?([eE][+-]?[0-9]+)?';
/**
* This regular pattern describes a string.
* You can use either single or double quotes delimiters. The following examples are strings:
*
* 'hello there'
* 'hello \'there'
* "hello there"
* "hello \"there"
*/
const STRING = '(["\'])((?:\\\\\2|.)*)?\2';
/**
* Flags.
* @var int
*/
private $flags;
/**
* The string to be parsed.
* @var string
*/
protected $string;
/**
* The current offset.
* @var int
*/
protected $offset;
/**
* @param string $string The string to be parsed
* @param int $flags = 0 This parameter can be Tokenizer::OFFSET_CAPTURE or Tokenizer::CASE_SENSITIVE
*/
public function __construct($string, $flags = 0) {
$this->string = $string;
$this->offset = 0;
$this->flags = $flags;
}
/**
* Is the next equal to a given string?
* When successful, this function returns an array with a single string. Otherwise, it returns FALSE.
* @param string $str
* @param int $flags = 0
* @return string
*/
public function eq($str, $flags = 0) {
$ret = FALSE;
if (list($str) = $this->match(preg_quote($str, "/"), $matches, $flags)) {
$ret = array($str);
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* Is the next in a given list?
* When successful, this function returns an array with a single string. Otherwise, it returns FALSE.
* @param array $items An array of strings
* @param int $flags = 0
* @return string|FALSE
*/
public function in($items, $flags = 0) {
$ret = FALSE;
// sorts the items in descending order according to their length
usort($items, function($item1, $item2) {
return strlen($item1) < strlen($item2);
});
foreach ($items as $item) {
if ($this->eq($item, $flags)) {
$ret = array($item);
break;
}
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* Is the next a number?
* When successful, this function returns an array with a single string. Otherwise, it returns FALSE.
* @param int $flags = 0
* @return string|FALSE
*/
public function number($flags = 0) {
$ret = FALSE;
if ($number = $this->match(Tokenizer::NUMBER, $flags)) {
$ret = $number;
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* Is the next a string?
* When successful, this function returns an array with a single string. Otherwise, it returns FALSE.
* @param int $flags = 0
* @return string|FALSE
*/
public function str($flags = 0) {
$ret = FALSE;
if ($this->match(Tokenizer::STRING, $matches, $flags)) {
$last_item = end($matches);
$str = is_array($last_item)? $last_item[0] : $last_item;
$ret = array($str);
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* Is the next a token?
* When successful, this function returns an array with a single string. Otherwise, it returns FALSE.
* Example:
*
* <code>
* // splits a string into tokens
* $t = new Tokenizer("lorem ipsum; dolor sit amet.");
* while (list($token) = $t->token()) {
* echo "$token-";
* }
* </code>
*
* @return string|FALSE
*/
public function token() {
$ret = FALSE;
if (list($token) = $this->match(Tokenizer::TOKEN)) {
$ret = array($token);
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* Compares the string with a regular expression and advances the offset if they match.
* When successful, this function returns an array with a single string. Otherwise, it returns FALSE.
*
* You can use regular expression without delimiters. The advantages of using regular expression without
* delimiters, is that you do not need to worry about ignoring the left spaces and start parsing from the
* beginning. The backslash character is reserved for delimiting regular expressions. For example:
*
* <code>
* // these two lines are identical
* $t->match("\w+");
* $t->match("/^\s*(\w+)/");
* </code>
*
* More examples:
*
* <code>
* // splits a string into "words"
* $t = new Tokenizer("Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet");
* while (list($token) = $t->match("\w+", $matches)) {
* echo "$token-";
* }
* </code>
*
* // captures the offset
* <code>
* $t = new Tokenizer("I am 105 years old");
* if ($t->match("/\d+/", $matches, Tokenizer::OFFSET_CAPTURE)) {
* print_r($matches);
* }
* </code>
*
* <code>
* // parses a basic SQL sentence
* $t = new Tokenizer("Select Id, Name, Age From users Where Id = 101");
* if ($t->match("select")) {
* // columns
* $columns = array();
* while (list($column) = $t->match("\w+")) {
* array_push($columns, $column);
* if (!$t->match(",")) {
* break;
* }
* }
* // `from` clause
* if ($t->match("from\s+(\w+)", $matches)) {
* $table_name = $matches[1];
* echo "You want to get the columns " . implode(", ", $columns) . " from the table $table_name.";
* }
* }
* </code>
*
* @param string $regexp
* @param array &$matches
* @param int $flags = 0
* @return array|FALSE
* </code>
*/
public function match($regexp, &$matches = array(), $flags = 0) {
$ret = FALSE;
$explicit_regexp = strlen($regexp) > 0 && $regexp[0] == "/";
$substr = substr($this->string, $this->offset);
if (!$explicit_regexp) {
$case_sensitive = Tokenizer::CASE_SENSITIVE & ($this->flags | $flags);
$modifiers = "u" . ($case_sensitive? "" : "i");
$regexp = strlen($regexp) > 0 && $regexp[0] == "/"? $regexp : "/^\s*($regexp)/$modifiers";
}
if (preg_match($regexp, $substr, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) {
$offset_capture = Tokenizer::OFFSET_CAPTURE & ($this->flags | $flags);
$str = $matches[0][0];
$offset = $matches[0][1] + strlen($str);
if ($offset_capture) {
// fixes offsets
foreach ($matches as $i => $match) {
$matches[$i][1] += $this->offset;
}
} else {
// ignores offsets
foreach ($matches as $i => $match) {
$matches[$i] = $matches[$i][0];
}
}
if (!ctype_alnum($substr[$offset - 1]) || $offset == strlen($substr) || !ctype_alnum($substr[$offset])){
$this->offset += $offset;
$ret = array(ltrim($str));
}
}
return $ret;
}
/**
* Gets the offset.
* @return int
*/
public function offset() {
return $this->offset;
}
/**
* Gets the string.
* @return string
*/
public function string() {
return $this->string;
}
/**
* Has the offset reached the end of the line?
* @return boolean
*/
public function end() {
return $this->offset >= strlen(rtrim($this->string));
}
}
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